");vwo_$('head').append(_vwo_sel);return vwo_$('head')[0] && vwo_$('head')[0].lastChild;})("HEAD")}}, R_940895_48_1_2_0:{ fn:function(log,nonce=''){return (function(x) {
if(!vwo_$.fn.vwoRevertHtml){
return;
};
var ctx=vwo_$(x),el;
/*vwo_debug log("Revert","content",""); vwo_debug*/;
el=vwo_$('[vwo-element-id="1742919897117"]');
el.revertContentOp().remove();})("HEAD")}}, C_940895_48_1_2_1:{ fn:function(log,nonce=''){return (function(x) {var el,ctx=vwo_$(x);
/*vwo_debug log("editElement",".stylingblock-content-margin-cell > table:nth-of-type(1) > tbody:nth-of-type(1) > tr:nth-of-type(1) > td:nth-of-type(1) > div:nth-of-type(1) > div:nth-of-type(1) > h2:nth-of-type(1) > span:nth-of-type(1)"); vwo_debug*/(el=vwo_$(".stylingblock-content-margin-cell > table:nth-of-type(1) > tbody:nth-of-type(1) > tr:nth-of-type(1) > td:nth-of-type(1) > div:nth-of-type(1) > div:nth-of-type(1) > h2:nth-of-type(1) > span:nth-of-type(1)")).html("Hello! David Brancaccio here. Do you want instant access to the free online course - “Economics 101” - to understand basic economic concepts?");})(".stylingblock-content-margin-cell > table:nth-of-type(1) > tbody:nth-of-type(1) > tr:nth-of-type(1) > td:nth-of-type(1) > div:nth-of-type(1) > div:nth-of-type(1) > h2:nth-of-type(1) > span:nth-of-type(1)")}}, R_940895_48_1_2_1:{ fn:function(log,nonce=''){return (function(x) {
if(!vwo_$.fn.vwoRevertHtml){
return;
};
var el,ctx=vwo_$(x);
/*vwo_debug log("Revert","editElement",".stylingblock-content-margin-cell > table:nth-of-type(1) > tbody:nth-of-type(1) > tr:nth-of-type(1) > td:nth-of-type(1) > div:nth-of-type(1) > div:nth-of-type(1) > h2:nth-of-type(1) > span:nth-of-type(1)"); vwo_debug*/(el=vwo_$(".stylingblock-content-margin-cell > table:nth-of-type(1) > tbody:nth-of-type(1) > tr:nth-of-type(1) > td:nth-of-type(1) > div:nth-of-type(1) > div:nth-of-type(1) > h2:nth-of-type(1) > span:nth-of-type(1)")).vwoRevertHtml();})(".stylingblock-content-margin-cell > table:nth-of-type(1) > tbody:nth-of-type(1) > tr:nth-of-type(1) > td:nth-of-type(1) > div:nth-of-type(1) > div:nth-of-type(1) > h2:nth-of-type(1) > span:nth-of-type(1)")}}, C_940895_48_1_2_2:{ fn:function(log,nonce=''){return (function(x) {var el,ctx=vwo_$(x);
/*vwo_debug log("content","[vwo-element-id='1742482566780']"); vwo_debug*/(el=vwo_$("[vwo-element-id='1742482566780']")).replaceWith2("You'll gain real-world insights into how economics impacts your daily life with this easy-to-follow online course. This crash course is based on the acclaimed textbook Economy, Society, and Public Policy by CORE Econ, tailored to help you grasp key concepts without feeling overwhelmed.
Whether you're new to economics or just want to deepen your understanding, this course covers the basics and connects them to today’s pressing issues—from inequality to public policy decisions.
Each week, you'll receive a reading guide that distills core principles, offers actionable takeaways, and explains how they affect the current world. While the full ebook enriches the experience, the guides alone provide a comprehensive understanding of fundamental economic ideas.
By submitting, you consent that you are at least 18 years of age and to receive information about MPR's or APMG entities' programs and offerings. The personally identifying information you provide will not be sold, shared, or used for purposes other than to communicate with you about MPR, APMG entities, and its sponsors. You may opt-out at any time clicking the unsubscribe link at the bottom of any email communication. View our Privacy Policy.
This is a Sept. 20, 2009, file photo shows Minnesota Vikings defensive tackles Pat Williams (94) and Kevin Williams (93) walking off the field after game against the Detroit Lions in Detroit.
AP Photo
The attorney for two Minnesota Vikings stars
is telling a judge in Minneapolis the NFL applied its rules
inconsistently in punishing the players.
Attorney Peter Ginsberg said in his opening statement that the
reputations of Kevin Williams and Pat Williams have been tainted by
the league's use of its anti-doping program.
He said that before the Williamses tested positive for a banned
diuretic in 2008, other players had tested positive for the same
substance and escaped punishment.
Kevin and Pat Williams, who are not related, are suing the league over its anti-doping policies
after the league tried to suspend them. The trial is to settle
labor issues, including whether the NFL violated a state
confidentiality law over the tests.
Turn Up Your Support
MPR News helps you turn down the noise and build shared understanding. Turn up your support for this public resource and keep trusted journalism accessible to all.
NFL attorney Daniel Nash told the judge that the league complies
with all Minnesota laws. He didn't comment on previous cases.
The case is being closely watched by professional sports leagues, which are worried the outcome
will hurt their ability to enforce drug policies across the country.
Defensive tackles Kevin Williams and Pat Williams played all
last season while challenging their four-game suspensions for
testing positive for a banned diuretic during training camp in
2008. The NFL wanted the case decided in federal court, but it
instead wound up before a Minnesota judge.
The trial will attempt to settle a handful of labor issues and
the big one is deciding who employs the players - the NFL, the
Vikings, or both - when it comes to drug testing.
A state judge
said that if the NFL employs the players, even partially, then the
league has to follow Minnesota labor law, though the issue must be
settled at trial.
NFL spokesman Greg Aiello calls the lawsuit a "state law
end-around that can undermine all anti-doping policies in sports."
"Most of the claims in the state law case have already been
dismissed. But for an anti-doping policy to be effective on (a)
national basis for leagues that have teams in many states, there
must be uniform standards that cannot be cherry-picked
state-by-state based on different state laws," Aiello said in a
statement Friday.
Two years ago, the players tested positive for the banned
substance bumetanide, which can mask the presence of steroids; they
are not accused of taking steroids.
Both acknowledged taking the
over-the-counter weight loss supplement StarCaps the night before a
training camp weigh-in so they could meet their weight targets and
earn $400,000 bonuses.
Attorneys for the Williamses contend NFL officials knew StarCaps
contained bumetanide - even though it was not listed as an
ingredient on the label - and did not specifically notify players
or the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The NFL countered that
players are responsible for what they put into their bodies, and
Aiello said the league properly administered its anti-drug policy.
The Williamses contend the NFL is their
employer, and had to comply with Minnesota law requiring notice of a
positive drug test within three business days. Their attorney,
Peter Ginsberg, said the league has "erratically managed" the
policy and kept "obviously important information" from the
players.
"We believe strongly that the (NFL's) steroid policy has the
potential of being the best organized sports (anti-doping) program.
Unfortunately, the NFL has manipulated and mismanaged that policy,
so our hope is the policy, after this trial, will be stronger and
better," Ginsberg said.
Other sports leagues, including Major League Baseball, the NBA
and the NHL, filed court papers supporting the NFL's position,
saying the Williamses' case could affect their ability to enforce
their own rules against steroids and other drugs.
Professor Angela Cornell, a labor law expert at Cornell Law
School, said the lawsuit could make it more difficult for the NFL
and other leagues to uniformly enforce their drug policies. But she
said the case raises broader issues about privacy rights.
"Certainly we all want to have uniform drug policies in major
league sports, because that would be helpful," Cornell said. "But
that doesn't mean that we want to deprive states of their ability
to pass threshold protection for employees."
Another expert, sports economist Joel Maxcy of the University of
Georgia, said he doesn't see big implications from the outcome of
the case.
If the NFL loses, Maxcy said, it "doesn't change the fact that
they have drug testing and can suspend a player for drug use. It
just might change the circumstances in some cases."
Also to be decided is whether the NFL violated a state
confidentiality law. The media learned about the test results
before the Williamses or their attorneys, but the league has said
there's no evidence that it leaked the results.
The Williamses are seeking unspecified damages for harm to their
reputation and lost economic opportunities as well as attorneys'
fees.
"As a result of the way the NFL has handled its testing and its
responsibility to keep confidential certain matters, Kevin and
Pat's reputation has been tainted. They have been lumped with
steroid users, people who have tried to mask steroid use,"
Ginsberg said.
The Williamses' suspensions have remained on hold while the
legal challenges are played out. New Orleans Saints players Charles
Grant and Will Smith also tested positive for bumetanide but were
allowed to play last season, which ended with the Saints winning
the Super Bowl after earlier beating the Vikings in the playoffs.
Gallery
1 of 1
This is a Sept. 20, 2009, file photo shows Minnesota Vikings defensive tackles Pat Williams (94) and Kevin Williams (93) walking off the field after game against the Detroit Lions in Detroit.
When it comes to staying informed in Minnesota, our newsletters overdeliver. Sign-up now for headlines, breaking news, hometown stories, weather and much more. Delivered weekday mornings.