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Dan Kraker

Funcionarios estatales pronostican precios de energía más altos por aranceles de Trump

A contractor works on a replacement for Enbridge's Line 3 pipeline.
Un contratista se estabiliza mientras baja la colina para continuar trabajando en el reemplazo del oleoducto Línea 3 de Enbridge al sur de Superior, Wisconsin.
Derek Montgomery para MPR News | 2017

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La administración Trump impuso un arancel del 10 por ciento a las importaciones de energía canadienses. Según funcionarios estatales, esto puede elevar los precios de la electricidad en Minnesota.

Minnesota y otros estados del norte dependen en gran medida de Canadá para satisfacer sus necesidades energéticas.

“Minnesota se ve afectada de manera desproporcionada en este aspecto, y si bien tenemos planes a largo plazo para hacernos menos vulnerables, en este momento realmente vamos a ver cierta presión sobre los bolsillos", dijo la comisionada del Departamento de Comercio de Minnesota, Grace Arnold.

Según Arnold, cinco de los seis gasoductos que transportan gas natural a Minnesota provienen de Canadá. Ese gas natural se utiliza para calentar decenas de miles de hogares y edificios en todo el estado.

Varios gasoductos también transportan petróleo crudo canadiense a dos refinerías en la región de las ciudades gemelas, junto con una tercera refinería en Superior, Wisconsin, que convierten ese petróleo en gasolina, diésel, combustible para aviones y otros productos utilizados por los consumidores de Minnesota.

Esas refinerías están configuradas específicamente para procesar el crudo más pesado de la región de arenas petrolíferas de Alberta, Canadá, y por lo tanto no podrían adaptarse rápidamente para recibir petróleo más liviano de otros lugares.

Patrick De Haan, jefe de análisis petrolero del sitio web GasBuddy, predice que los precios de la gasolina en Minnesota y en otras partes del Medio Oeste aumentarán entre 5 y 20 centavos por galón, pero este aumento no se dará de inmediato.

“Dado que el petróleo crudo primero debe refinarse para convertirse en productos combustibles, probablemente veremos un retraso de un par de semanas antes de que los precios comiencen a subir”, dice De Haan.

Los precios de la electricidad también pueden aumentar para algunos clientes. De acuerdo al Departamento de Comercio, en 2023 Minnesota importó 700 millones de dólares en energía hidroeléctrica de Manitoba, Canadá.

Esa energía hidroeléctrica representa aproximadamente el 11 por ciento del suministro total de electricidad de la empresa de servicios públicos Minnesota Power, con sede en Duluth, según explica su portavoz Amy Rutledge.

“Si bien no está claro en este momento si la electricidad estará sujeta a las tarifas impuestas por Estados Unidos o Canadá, estamos observando la situación de cerca para determinar cualquier impacto potencial para nuestros clientes”, dijo Rutledge en un comunicado.

Arnold añadió que, como la energía juega un papel importante en todos los sectores de la economía estatal, se espera que el precio de los bienes de consumo también aumente.

“Esto es algo que podemos evitar”, indicó Arnold. “El gobierno federal está poniendo a los habitantes de Minnesota en esta situación que aumentará los costos y afectará a todos de diversas maneras, ya sea en la gasolinera o en el supermercado”.

Nicole Johnson, productora digital de MPR News, colaboró con esta traducción

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